Random Number Generators (RNGs) are the backbone of the iGaming industry, ensuring fair play, building player trust, and meeting regulatory standards. For developers and operators, integrating a certified RNG is often done through a casino API, which allows them to easily incorporate fair and random game outcomes into their platforms. Let’s explore how RNGs work, their uses, and their benefits.
What is RNG?
An RNG is a system that generates a sequence of numbers with no discernible pattern. For online casinos, it’s crucial that games are fair and offer equal chances of winning. One of the main ways to ensure this is by using a certified RNG to determine game outcomes — from a slot spin to a virtual dice roll.
RNGs in iGaming
There are two types of RNGs used in online casino software: True Random Number Generators (TRNGs) and Pseudo-Random Number Generators (PRNGs).
TRNGs
TRNGs use unpredictable physical events, like atmospheric noise, to generate truly random sequences. However, their cost and complexity make them rare in iGaming.
PRNGs
PRNGs use mathematical algorithms and a “seed” value to create randomness. While theoretically predictable if the seed and formula were known, modern PRNGs produce results statistically indistinguishable from true randomness.
How do PRNGs work?
PRNGs follow these steps:
- Seeding: The process starts with a seed number, often from a source like the system clock’s millisecond.
- Algorithm: The seed is fed into a complex algorithm (e.g., the Mersenne Twister) designed to produce a sequence of numbers that appears random.
- Output: The algorithm generates random numbers that determine game outcomes.
- Non-repeatability: A new set of random numbers is generated for each round, ensuring every outcome is unique and unpredictable.
RNG use cases
RNGs ensure fairness across many game types:
- Slots: Determine the symbols on the reels for each independent spin.
- Virtual table games: “Shuffle” virtual card decks in games like blackjack or poker.
- Lottery, keno & bingo: Randomly draw winning numbers.
- Virtual sports betting: Simulate sporting events to create unpredictable outcomes.
- Fantasy games: Resolve tie-breakers and simulate player choices.
- Live casino: Randomize outcomes in bonus rounds or special features.
RNG certification & fair play
RNG certification is vital for iGaming integrity. Independent bodies like eCOGRA, Gaming Labs International (GLI), and iTech Labs test RNG systems to ensure they meet fairness standards. For businesses using a turnkey online casino solution, ensuring their provider holds these certifications is a crucial step in launching a trustworthy platform.
The certification process involves:
- Algorithm Testing: RNGs undergo extensive statistical tests to ensure unbiased number sequences.
- Compliance Verification: The system is checked for compliance with regulations from bodies like the UK Gambling Commission.
- Ongoing Audits: Regular audits monitor RNG performance to ensure it remains uncompromised.
How do RNG & RNG certification benefit operators?
For iGaming operators, using certified RNGs is not just about compliance — it’s a cornerstone of a successful and sustainable business. Here’s how this benefits them:
Player trust & retention
RNG certification signals a commitment to fairness, which builds player trust and increases acquisition and retention.
Regulatory compliance
Certification is mandatory for gaming licenses in most jurisdictions. Non-compliance can lead to penalties or license loss.
Game variety & fairness
Operators can offer a diverse portfolio of games while assuring players that all are fair and unbiased.
Preventing game manipulation
Certified RNGs eliminate the possibility of rigging outcomes. The algorithms are continuously monitored, protecting the operator’s reputation.
Distinguishing RNG & RTP
Newcomers often confuse RNG and Return To Player (RTP).
RTP is a theoretical percentage of wagered money returned to players as winnings over millions of plays. A game with a 97% RTP will, on average, return 97% of all money bet on it to players over time.
However, “the player” is generic, not a specific individual. You might not receive the winnings; it could be any of millions of other players. Thanks to RNG, you have the same chance as everyone else.
